{"id":372,"date":"2011-04-05T18:34:36","date_gmt":"2011-04-06T01:34:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/?p=372"},"modified":"2011-09-19T21:01:40","modified_gmt":"2011-09-20T04:01:40","slug":"punjabi-landa-900-ad-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/2011\/04\/05\/punjabi-landa-900-ad-india\/","title":{"rendered":"Punjabi Landa &#8212; 900 AD, India"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_373\" style=\"width: 110px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/04\/landaJha.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-373\" class=\"size-full wp-image-373\" title=\"landaJha\" src=\"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/04\/landaJha.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"100\" height=\"145\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-373\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Landa &quot;jha&quot;<\/p><\/div>\n<p>As I mentioned in the <a href=\"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/2011\/04\/04\/khudawadi-900-ad-pakistan\/\">Khudawadi<\/a> post yesterday, merchants simplified <a href=\"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/2011\/04\/03\/sharada-800-ad-india\/\">Sharada<\/a>, presumably to let them write more quickly.\u00a0 In addition to dropping the vowel diacritics, they also used the same character for aspirated (&#8220;breathy&#8221;) and non-aspirated consonants, and dropped punctuation (including spaces between words).\u00a0 This happened in both the Khudawadi and Punjabi (AKA Multani) versions of Landa.<\/p>\n<p>As late as 1916 AD, a Westerner noted that Landa was \u201ccurrent all over the Punjab, and is especially used by shop-keepers\u201d.\u00a0 Wikipedia suggests that part of the reason to use Landa was as a code language, to keep commercial interests private.\u00a0 If so, that would be another reason why Landa was not particularly well-standardized: it is a language for communicating with oneself, not interpersonally, similar to <a href=\"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/2011\/03\/22\/naxi-dongba-600ad-s-china\/\">Naxi Dongba<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/2011\/03\/23\/naxi-geba-1200-ad-s-china\/\">Naxi Geba<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Links: <a href=\"http:\/\/std.dkuug.dk\/jtc1\/sc2\/WG2\/docs\/n3768.pdf\">Unicode<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/La%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8D%C4%81\">Wikipedia Landa<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ancientscripts.com\/landa.html\">Ancient Scripts Landa<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/std.dkuug.dk\/JTC1\/SC2\/WG2\/docs\/n4027.pdf\">Unicode proposal<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As I mentioned in the Khudawadi post yesterday, merchants simplified Sharada, presumably to let them write more quickly.\u00a0 In addition to dropping the vowel diacritics, they also used the same character for aspirated (&#8220;breathy&#8221;) and non-aspirated consonants, and dropped punctuation &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/2011\/04\/05\/punjabi-landa-900-ad-india\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,33,37,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-372","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-abugida","category-mercantile-script","category-private-or-secret","category-meh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/372","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=372"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/372\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=372"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=372"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/glyphs.webfoot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=372"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}